Process for the production of weatherproof carbonaceous fuel of permanent shape and for rendering innocuous the sulfur contained in the coal.



tartan err-true Prt'ititNJiJ @FFHEE EMIL roLLacsnK, or FLORENCE, ITALY;

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF WEATHERPROOF Cli-RBONACEOUS FUEL OF PER-MANENT SHAPE AND FOR BENDERING INNOGUOUS THE SULFUR CONTAINED IN THECOAL.

N 0 Drawing.

To all whom '1' i may concern Be it known that I, EMU, Ponnaosnn,subject of the King of Hungary, residing at Florence, Italy, haveinvented certain new and useful improvements in processes for theproduction of weatherproof carbonaceous fuel of permanent shape and forrendering innocuous the sulfur contained in the coal; and I do herebydeclare the following to be a full, cl air, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

As is well known the amount of combustible sulfur contained in coalbrings about serious disadvantages in consequence of the sulfur dioxidwhich is formed when the coal is burned. To prevent the gases ofcombustion from becoming contaminated with the injurious sulfur dioxidit has already been proposed to mix powdered slaked or unslaked limewith the coal or to spray milk of lime upon the coal when the latter isburned. to achieve satisfactory results in this way, as when powderedlime was used it did not remain in contact with the coal up to thecommencement of the evolution of the sulfur dioxid but fell down intothe ash pit or was drawn into the chimney. Blowing powdered lime intothe furnace by the aid of atomizing apparatus is also not practicable onaccount of the choking up of the nozzles which always takes place. If onthe other hand milk of lime be injected into the flirnace the waterintroduced with the lime easily puts the fire out. Under allcircumstances the addition of the lime increases the amount of ashcontained in the fuel and thereby lessens its heating value.

The object of the process which forms the subject matter of thisinvention is to produce a weatherproof carbonaceous fuel which willretain its shape permanently and to render the sulfur therein containedinnocuous by means of lime, care being taken however that the lime whichserves to bind the sulfurous acid shall permanently remain in intimatecontact with the coal and also that the heating effect of thecarbonaceous fuel produced may show no diminution in comparison withthat of the original coal.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 4, 1912.

It has not however been possible Patented Nov. '1 8, it 913.

Serial No. 695,310.

According to this invention this object is attained by mixing the coalwith a liquid which, in addition to slightly more lime than is necessaryfor the binding of the injurious sulfur in the coal, contains a bindingagent such as starch, glue, waste liquor from sultite cellulose or thelike, after which the mixture so obtained freed from excess of water bydrying, molded after any desired method and finally impregnated with acomposition prepared by boiling crude petroleum oil containing (moceriteor paratlin-like constituents with bitumen and phenols with a powerful,supply of air until a consistency is reached at which the mixture willsolidify when cold.

For the practical carrying out of the process a given amount of lime,amounting to about 1 per cent. more than is required for rendering thesulfur innocuous, is mixed in the form of a thick milk or a thin pastewith about 3 to -:l per cent. of a binding agent of the above mentionedkind and the coal, which is for the most part in the form of dust,intimately incorporated with the mixture. The mixture so obtained isallowed to dry in the air or at a higher temperature and can then bemolded. Since however the addition of the lime increases the amount ofash contained in the material and decreases its heating effect, thealkaline nature and the porosity of the molded material are made use ofto enable it to be enriched with fuels of high calorific value. For thispurpose crude petroleum oil, which itself contains ozocerite orparatlin-lil e constituents in appreciable ({lHtlltitlUS or has beenmixed with such until it contains about 10 per cent. thereof. is heatedto boiling, and bitumen and phenols, which latter may with advantage bein the form of crude phenol or creosote oil, are then stirred into theboiling oil with a powerful supply of air until the com position hasacquired a consistency which corresponds to a specific gravity of about1.35 degrees Be. at 35 degrees C. and causes the composition to solidifyat ordinary tem perature. Into this composition, so long as it remainsat a ten'iperature lying between 90 and 100 degrees C. is dipped themolded carbonaceous material, and the hot lluid mass penetratesthoroughly into the pores thereof, becomes saponified therein with thepreviously added excess of lime, such saponification being accompaniedwith a vigorous reaction and when the molds thus impregnated are coldeffects a coherent filling up of the pores thereof whereby the blocksare rendered Weatherproof and permanent in shape in a high degree. Sincein addition to this the absorbed impregnating composition consists ofsubstances of high calorific value, the reduction'of the heating effectof the coal caused by the addition of the lime is compensated againthereby, and in this way even an increase of the original heating orcalorific value of the carbonaceous material employed can be obtained.

l/Vith regard to the practical carrying out of the above describedprocess it should also be noted that it may also be carried out, withoutdeparting from the essential features of the invention, by mixing themixture obtained in the manner described from coal, binding agent andexcess of lime, without previously drying it, With the impregnatingcomposition produced by heating crude petroleum oil containing paraflinor ozocerite-like substances with bitumen and phenols with a powerfulsupply of air, and then drying and molding the plastic mass so obtainedin any desired manner. This method of working has the advantage that theproduct produced thereby is not rendered Waterproof to a greater orlesser depth only but rather throughout its entire mass.

I claim as my invention the improvements in 7 1. Process for theproduction of weather proof sulfur-neutralizing fuel, which oomprisesmixing comminuted carbonaceous fuel with a liquid containing a binderand lime in excess of the sulfur content of the fuel, and impregnatingthe mixture so obtained With ozocerite containing substances boiled withbitumen and phenols treated with a large supply of air.

2. Process for the. production of weatherproof, sulfur-neutralizingfuel, which comprises mixing comminuted fuel with a liquid containing abinder and lime in excess of the sulfur content of the fuel, drying themixture, and impregnating the dried mixture with an ozoceritecontaining'substance boiled with bitumen and phenols treated with alarge supply of air.

3. Process such as described, which oomprises mixing comminuted fuelwith sulfur cellulose waste liquor and lime, and then with ozoceritecontaining substances boiled with bitumen and phenols treated with astrong current of air.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signedmy name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EMIL POLLACSEK l/Vitnesses ORoN PoY, CI-IARLEs L. BoLooNn.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

